Leveling compounds are a fantastic solution for creating smooth, even subfloors, ensuring a proper foundation for new flooring installations. Whether you’re working with a concrete, plywood, or wood subfloor, there’s a leveling compound that fits your needs. With the right materials and technique, you can achieve a flawless finish that will make your new flooring last for years to come.
So, whether you’re a DIY enthusiast or a professional contractor, understanding the different types of leveling compounds and how to apply them will help you achieve top-quality results.
Leveling compounds, also known as self-leveling compounds or floor leveling compounds, are materials used to create a flat, even surface on an uneven subfloor. They are particularly useful when preparing floors for new flooring installations, as a smooth, level surface is essential for a professional finish.
These compounds come in liquid or powder form and are mixed with water before application. They are usually made from a combination of cement, gypsum, or polymer resins, and their consistency allows them to flow and spread across the surface, filling in dips and leveling high spots as they dry. Leveling compounds can be used on a variety of subfloors, including concrete, wood, and plywood, and are suitable for both residential and commercial applications.
Using leveling compounds is crucial for several reasons, especially when it comes to preparing a subfloor for new flooring. Here are the top reasons why you should consider using a leveling compound:
Leveling compounds help create a smooth, even surface, making it easier to install various types of flooring, including tile, carpet, vinyl, and hardwood. A smooth surface ensures that the new flooring adheres properly and reduces the risk of issues such as bubbling or lifting.
Uneven subfloors can put stress on your new flooring, leading to damage over time. A leveled subfloor prevents these issues by providing a stable foundation, ensuring the longevity of your flooring investment.
Leveling compounds are ideal for addressing areas with dips or bumps. Low spots can cause flooring to sag, while high spots can create uneven surfaces. Leveling compounds are designed to fill in low areas and smooth out raised spots, leaving behind a uniform surface.
An even surface provides a professional-looking finish that enhances the appearance of your entire floor. Leveling compounds are essential for creating a flawless, smooth surface that makes your new flooring look polished and sophisticated.
When the subfloor is level, the new flooring is less likely to experience issues like buckling, cracking, or warping. This makes the floor more durable and extends the life of the flooring material.
Leveling compounds come in various formulations, each designed for specific applications. Below, we will take a look at the different types of leveling compounds available and their unique properties.
Best for: Concrete and plywood subfloors.
Cement-based leveling compounds are the most common type used in floor leveling projects. They are ideal for use on concrete, plywood, and other common subfloors. These compounds are typically powder-based and need to be mixed with water before application. Once mixed, the compound has a consistency similar to pancake batter and can be poured onto the floor to self-level.
Best for: Wood subfloors, plywood, and older homes.
Gypsum-based leveling compounds are another popular option for creating a smooth surface. These compounds are often used in residential settings, especially when working with wood subfloors or older homes. They are available in both dry powder and ready-to-use forms, with the dry powder needing to be mixed with water before application.
Best for: High-performance applications.
Polymer-modified leveling compounds are enhanced with synthetic resins or polymers to improve their flexibility, adhesion, and durability. These compounds are typically used in commercial or industrial applications where superior performance is needed. They offer a strong bond to a variety of surfaces and are ideal for use in areas that experience high foot traffic or frequent movement.
Now that you know about the different types of leveling compounds, let’s walk through the process of applying them. Whether you're using a cement-based, gypsum-based, or polymer-modified compound, the basic process remains similar. Here is a step-by-step guide to help you apply leveling compounds and achieve a perfectly smooth surface.
Before applying any leveling compound, you need to properly prepare the subfloor. The subfloor should be clean, dry, and free of any debris, dirt, grease, or old adhesive. If you’re working with an old floor, make sure to remove any remnants of previous flooring, such as carpet glue or vinyl.
Follow the manufacturer's instructions for mixing the leveling compound. For powder-based compounds, you’ll need to mix the compound with water to create a thick, slurry-like consistency. Use a large mixing container and a power mixer for best results.
Once the compound is mixed, pour it onto the floor starting at one corner. Use a trowel or spreader to spread the compound evenly across the floor. Work quickly, as leveling compounds can start to set fast.
Once the leveling compound is applied, use a flat trowel to smooth the surface. The compound should flow into low spots, and any high spots should be smoothed out. For a perfectly even surface, you can use a floor roller to ensure the compound settles evenly.
Let the leveling compound dry according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The drying time can vary depending on the type of compound used and environmental factors. It typically takes 1 to 24 hours for the compound to dry completely.
Once the leveling compound has dried, you can proceed with installing your new flooring. Whether it’s tile, hardwood, or carpet, your leveled surface will provide a stable foundation for your new floor.